Selvage forming device for looms



1941- AQMOESSINGER "2,267,287

SELVAGE FORMING DEVICE FOR LOOMS I F iled Aug. 8, 1940 s Sheets-Sheet 2INVENTOR. I ALBERT MES-SINGER,

A RNEY projecting from trol valve.

Patented Dec. 23, 1941 umrw STATES SELVAGE FORMING nnvlon m Looms 7 7AlbertMoessinger, wintertliurjs witzerland, as F;

signor'to Sulzer'lireres, Socit I terthur ,'Switzerlan d" H s I.

Application August a, 1940,=seriaii-i ;351,'s0 '3 If; g

In Switzerland Augustv 26, 1939 I.

1; Claims. (01. 139-127) The present invention relates to a method andmeans for forming a selvage on wovenfabric, more particularly forturning the thread ends the edge of the fabric into the shed. A

It is an object of the present invention taprovide a method and'xmeansfor producing'the effect stated in the-paragraph next above'wherebythe'turning over of the thread ends is :ac-

complishedby. means of suitably directed-cur- 'rents or jets of anoperating fluid. The equipment for carrying out the-newprocess comprisesaccordingly devices-with the help of which the bending-"over of thethread ends is effected through forces which are-generated by currents:or'jets issuing from pipes disposed'near-theedge of the cloth.

The bending over of the threadeends may be efiected, for instance, by'acurrent of 3.1!,8. current of gas or a current of steam. If the bend-'.

ing over of the thread ends is effected byrcompressed air, by airsuction'or by suction andzcompressed air combined, the direction of atleast one of the jets of air may be adjustable. The

thread ends may also bebent overby several streams of air acting indifferent directions, at

least one of which is controlled. I

For instance, one air current may bend the thread end over in theweaving plane approximately in the direction of the warp threads andanother stream, acting intermittently, may bend the thread over intotheshed that is formed.

After the end of the thread has been turned into the shed, a furtherstream, acting intermittently in the directionof the apex of the shed,presses the thread end closely against the cloth. The

thread end may, however, also be held in the plane of the clothapproximatelyin the direction of the warp threads by means, of a suctionnozzle. 7 Y

The nozzles used for producing theair-curren'tsmay be supported, atleast p'artly,'on a stationary part of the machine.

arranged between the blow-in' nozzle and a con- A liquid may be sprayedtogether An'air container may be with the airxcurrent on the projectingthread end or on theoutermost warp threads whereby the liquid iscarried, by the air current. Aregulating valve or an orifice-diaphragmmay be arranged in the compressed air conduit.

The air, gas or steam required for producing the current or jets may besupplied by a piston which is driven by the'loom. The air flow may becontrolled by means of a valve or valves which are operatively connectedwith the piston or with ingthe drawings which. by wa y 0f illustration,show vvwhat I now-'cons'ider to be preferred [embodiments ,of myinvention;

. -Fig.;, 1 is,anaxonometric;representationofan :mechanism according to-the: invention having .two compressed-air nozzles.

Fig. 2 is a top .view, o f. 'a modified arrangement according to] theinvention, having .onl'y one nozzle.

Fig. 3 is a nozzles .blow jets ofv air in fdifferent'direction's.

Fig, 41, diagrammatically illustrates ;a means according to theinvention forguiding the thread Fig; 5 isa iront view of the means ,-shown-';in

Fig. 6 is ;aside view of the means shownf-in IFigv "1 Fig.3.?diagrammatically; shows a device-{in which the freely projecting threadend is held warp. threads by'rneans' I in the direction of the ofasuction nozzle, W

'Fig. 8 diagrammatically illustrates a modification of an arrangement;according-to themespose of the edge-'formenaccordi-ng to the inven 7tionis'tobend thread end 2 overcinto the next v ends with liquid.

Vent invention inwhichthe thread is held in the direction of thewarpthreads by means of; a.

suction nozzle.

1 Fig. 9 shows anarrangement according tofthc inventionhaving acontainer between thecontrol valve and the nozzle. I

Fig. 10 illustrates an injection device according to the-invention fori-rnoistening the thread Fig. ll' illustrates an cording to theinvention. Like parts are designated by last inserted weft thread 3.';-;End 2 projects 'at the side from the finished material 'I The purformedshed. ,From pipe'l provided at? its end diagrammatic top view of anotherUmodific ation of the inventi0n.1in which three arrangement for drivingthe pump for producingtheair currents-or jets. Fig. 12 illustrates amodified pump-drive paclike numerals {in l I all figures of the drawings5 Y I with a nozzle I, an arm I" is blown for this Purpose in the planeof the cloth I in a direc- 'tion opposite to the direction of movementof the warp threads. By means of this jet of air the thread end 2 ismoved in, the direction of the projection of the warp threads. Beforethe shed is closed,. astream of air, which'moves approximately parallelto the" weftgthr'eads, emerges from pipe 6 through a nozzle I, wherebythe air stream is regulated by means of a valve I2 controlled by theagency of a cam 8 operating on' a roller 9 at the end of lever ll; leverH is pivoted at I and has an arm pperatively connected with the valvel2. The airstream emerging from nozzle 1 bends the thread end over andinto the shed. One of the nozzles} or I may be made movable, so that thedirection 'fof the jet v emerging therefrom can be adjusted. Both noz-'zles are preferably mounted to a stationary part of the loom. a 3

Fig; 2 shows an embodiment of the invention in which only one nozzle 4is provided According tothe nature of I the edge of the fabric i'thethread end 2 canthereby be' blown in a certain direction, for instance,either into a cutting-off device or, as shown in Fig.'2,5to be bent overand "into the'neXt formed shed. After the pick ofthe weft thread l thewarp threads i. (Fig; 1) form 'a newshed} During this-time the controlvalve 102 (Fig. 2) is'opened by mean's of a leverl03 provided with aroller I04 cooperating with a cam J05. The air that fiows'out of pipe"4': lays the thread 2' into the newly formed shed. Even 1 when thefreely projecting'thread end 2" is not exactly in the direction of.the'nozzle outlet, it will be brought into the direction of the air jet"emerging therefrom by means of the suction action of the air stream andwill be carried along with the stream; 1

Fig. 3 illustrates a device in which three-compressed air pipes I3; ll,l5 are provided; these pipes terminate into nozzles: arranged inthreedifferent directions in the plane' of the fabric.

These pipes are fitted with controlled valves l6,

l1, l8 which are adjusted by means of diagram- I 'matically shown camsI9, 20, 2| rotating in the direction of the arrows u. At first thecompressed air pipe l3 blowsajet' I 3' in the direction of theprojection of the 'warp threads and in the plane of the fabric forbending the thread over, then the compressed-air pipe l4 blows a jet"approximately in the direction'of the 'weft threads and pipe l5 blows ajet in the direc tion of/or in back of the weft threads. By thesestreams of airthe thread end 2 is bent over into the shed, i. e. tuckedin to form ahem. A

' hem may, of course, be formed orithc "ebric either on one side only oron both sides.

With the edge-forming device according to Fig.

' 3 it is possible'to press the bent-over thread end quite close-to theap'ex'of the shed] It is advisable, especially in the case of veryelastic yarn, as for instance wool, certain silks or rayon, not

to close at least one of the valves,for instance the valve i8, until theshed is closed, so that the thread end 2 cannot spring back out of theshed. v Y

A further modification of the edge-forming apparatus including a threadguide is represented in Figs. 4. 5 andfi. In the thread guide22 a pipe4" is provided which causes: a'streamof air to flow at right angles tothe weftlthread 3, so that the thread end 2 runs at first parallel tothe warp threads l'.f

A .pipe'Bj then introduces a stream'of air into the thread guide in thediaaemav 5- rection of the weft thread I, thus turning the thread end 2'completely over. i. e., bending it into the shed. The guide 22 may alsobe of such a form as to create an ejector action, so that if the threadend is outside of the guide it will still be bent over into the shedbecause of the secondary air streams. which are caused by the mainstreamemerging from'thenozzle 6.

Primarily a current is produced through pipe 4,", into WhiChyfOl'instance, air is blown; after that, air emerges from pipe 6, whereby thethread end bent by the current emerging from pipe 4 I, is bent overstill further andinto the shed.

'1 in Figs. Tandjli an edge-forming apparatus is illustrated inwhich thethread end 2 is held in the direction of the warp threads 25 by means ofa suction stream.- After the thread end 2 is "let loose, i.- e. afterthe pick is completed, the

thread end 2 is drawn into the slotted suction nozzle 26 during itsmovement from the picking position 23 to the cloth I.- In order toobtain sufficient suction action at theend of the suction 'nozzle,.aguide plate-211s provided-therein. Finally, by'means of the compressedairoemerging 'from pipe 28, the thread end 2 is bentover -into theposition.i2', i..e. into theshed.

Fig. 9 illustrates especial construction of a compressed air pipe.Betweenthe. nozzle and the control valve 3|. which isoperated by, meansof a cam 32 cooperating with aroller 33 provided ontheivalveoperating-lever. 34,=achamber 35 isprovidedwhich may .beof such capacitythat a=desired amount of airflowsthrough the nozzle Sill-after closingof valve 3|. 2 A further'adjustable of air-may be connected with theloom drive either directly or by means of a clutch coupling. Fig.ll-shows a driving motor 40 having a shaft one end .of. whichisconnected withthe loom coupling 4| and the other end of whichis-connected with a comprssorflby means of, a coupling 43. The air pumpthus may continue to be driven when the loom has been stopped.

Instead of air, steam may be used for. producing the necessarycurrents,and thesteam may then be obtained from a central plantor from a-small Ielectric steam generator built into each. loom. Exhaust gas from aheating plant or somerother kindjcT plant may also be vused for thispurpose.

Fig, 12 shows an air pump which works synchronously with the-loom. Inthecyllnder 50 is arranged a piston 5i having apiston rod 5|- the latterbeing operatively connected with I and driven by'shaft 60 of the loom..Thepiston divides the cylinder into two chambers 52 and;53,' chamber 52producing compressed air. whilst chamber 53 produces a suction effect.The compressed air produced in chamber 52 is ejected through-passageinto pipe -55, leading for instance to a deliveryhozzle. .Furtherair maybe supplied bythe piston 5i through the passage 58 into'th'e pipe :51for supplying. air to further nozzles. Passages 54* and 56 arecontrolledby a sleeve member'59 adapted to move simultaneously withthepiston 5l.- If the plant requires suction air, as for instance inconnection with the devices according to Figs. 7 and 8, chamber 53 isconnected by means of pipe 58 with the suction devices.

While I believe the above described embodiments of my invention to bepreferred embodi ments, I wish it to be understood that I do not desireto be limited to the exact details of design, method and constructionshown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a personskilled in the art.

I claim! 1. A device for bending projecting weft thread ends in loomsfor weaving into the shed, said device comprising a plurality ofindividual nozzle means disposed in different directions adjacent tosaid thread ends and ejectingstreams of operating fluid acting indiiferent directions on said thread ends, the combined action of saidstreams bending said thread ends into the desiredposition, fluid flowcontrol means individually connected with said nozzle means, andperiodically acting operating means operatively connected with andoperating said fluid flow control means and being operatively connectedwith and actuated by the loom.

2. In looms for weaving, a device for bending projecting weft threadends into the shed, said device comprising a plurality of individualnozzle means disposed in different directions in the center plane of theshed adjacent to said thread ends and ejecting streams of operatingfluid in different directions in the center plane of the shed and actingon the thread ends, the combined action of said streams bending thethread means disposed in difierent directions in the cen- 4 ter plane ofthe shed adjacent to said thread ends and ejecting streams of operatingfluid in different directions in the center plane of the shed and actingon the thread ends, the combined action of said streams bending thethread ends into the desired position. fluid flow control meansindividually connected with said nozzle means, and

, consecutively acting operating means operatively connected with andconsecutively-operating said fluid flow control means and beingoperatively connected with and actuated by the loom.

4. In looms for weaving, a device for bending projecting weft threadends into the shed, said device comprising a plurality of individualnozzle means disposed in different directions in'the center plane of theshed adjacent to said thread ends and ejecting streams of operatingfluid in different directions in the center plane of the shed, thedirection of one of said nozzles and fluid therefrom being parallel tothe projection of the warp threads in the central plane of the shed.

5. In looms for weaving, a device for bending projecting weft threadends into the shed, said device comprising a plurality of individualnozzle means disposed in different directions in the center plane of theshed adjacent to said thread ends and ejecting streams of operatingfluid in different directions in the center plane of the shed, thedirection of one of said nozzles and streams being parallel to theprojection of the warp threads in the central plane of the shed, fluidcontrol means connectedwith another of said nozzle means, andperiodically acting operating means operatively connected with andoperating said fluid flow control means and being operatively connectedwith and actuated by the loom.

6. In looms for weaving, a device for bendingprojecting weft thread endsinto the shed, said device comprising a plurality of individual nozzlemeans disposed adjacent to said thread ends and said nozzles and guidingthe thread ends in the center plane of the shed.

ALBERT MOESSINGER).

